Make Ford Model KA
1. With the analyser probe sensing normal air, what are the Four Gas readings? Record the amount and then what it means:
CO 0.00 means: There is no CO in the atmosphere
HC 13ppm means: Left over HC in the probe
CO2 0.00 means: No CO2 in atmosphere
O2 20.91 means: O2 level in atmosphere
2. Start the engine idling cold, and record the Four Gas readings
Explain what is happening within the engine referring to the four gases:
CO 4.465 HC 18.39 CO2 9.88 O2 9.26
CO is high as there is low O2 as it has been burnt; HC is high as there is unburnt gas due to condensationand rich air/fuel mixture; CO2 is lower because there isn't enough O2; O2 is high due to same gas not being burnt
3. When the engine has warmed up, record the Four Gas readings:
Explain what is happening within the engine referring to the four gases:
CO 0.018 HC 188 CO2 13.58 O2 0.38
4. Run the warm engine at 2500RPM, record the Four Gas readings:
Explain what is happening within the engine referring to the four gases:
CO 1.114 HC 173 CO2 12.71 O2 1.64
CO is low because there is more O2 being burnt; HC is low because most of the gas is being burnt; CO2 is nearly good as combustion is efficient; O2 is low as all the gases are being burnt
5. At idle, run the mixture rich with extra propane, LPG, or carburettor cleaner, and record the Four Gas reading:
Explain what is happening within the engine referring to the four gases:
CO 1.8 HC 197 CO2 14.70 O2 0.79
we sprayed it with the eater starter fluid so doing a test after that we notice that the engine is running rich so higher HC due to unburnt fuel and also engine is less efficeint there is higher O2 as there is too much fuel to burn so this also means higher CO levels due to the rich condition
6. At idle, create a lean condition with an air leak or vacuum leak, record the Four Gas reading:
Explain what is happening within the engine referring to the four gases:
CO 0.175 HC 95 CO2 7.75 O2 9.65
CO is low as there is more O2 to create CO2; HC is high as there is not enough fuel to burnt evens thing; CO2 is low because combustion is not efficient; O2 is high as it's not being burnt
7. Accelerate the engine, by blipping the throttle a few times, and watch how the gas reading change.
Record the Four Gas readings when the CO is highest:
Explain what is happening within the engine referring to the four gases:
CO 3.947 HC 2313 CO2 12.59 O2 0.58
CO is high as there is not a lot of O2 to create; HC is high as there is a lot of unburnt gas due rich condition
CO2 is low because combustion is not efficient
8. Disconnect one spark plug wire, ground it with a jumper wire, then record the Four Gas readings as the engine idles:
Explain what is happening within the engine referring to the four gases:
CO 0.582 HC 1291 CO2 12.40 O2 7.61
CO is low because there is a lof of air going through the exhaust; HC is high as one cylinder is not buring any gas; O2 is high due to on cylinder not burning
9. If youcan get to it, disconnect the injector harness connector from one injector on an engine that has one injector for every cylinder: Record the Four Gas readings as the engine idles:
Explain what is happening within the engine referring to the four gases:
CO 0.747 HC 217 CO2 11.68 O2 5.17
CO is low due to air going through the cylinder; HC is low as there is less gas going through; CO2 is low due to inefficient combustion; O2 is high as there is one cylinder not burning.
10. Optional: Make other changes to the engine at idle, such as turning on the air conditioning or rocking the steering wheel. Note the change you made:
Explain what is happening within the engine referring to the four gases:
CO 0.300 HC 8 CO2 14.73 O2 1.017
All gas reading good as engine only a little bit higher making combustion more efficient
11. Explain the different readings you would get from a vehicle with a catalytic converter and a vehicle without one and why?
A vehicle without a cat convertor would produce greater CO and HC as the CAT convertor creates a chemical reaction to change emission into something different that is less harmful to the environment .
In order for CAT convertor to work it has to be hot enough to work. CAT convertor is a device used to reduce the toxicity of the exhaust from the internal combustion engine .Most modern car engines control the amount of fuel they burn. That the Cat convertor has to get to certain level of temperature to start working
13. On lambda, 02 sensors why do they have 1,2,3,4 or 5 wires and what do these extra wires do?
One is ground, other one is signal and another can be heaters.
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